Articles, Papers and References |
Sponsored Links: |
1. |
A.
Sartori, M. Gottardi, F. Maloberti, A. Simoni, and G. Torelli,
"Analog-to-digital converters for optical sensor arrays",
Proceedings
of IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS
`96) , Rhodes, Greece, pp. 939-942, 1996.
Abstract - The
main goal of the ESPIRIT project "Microintegrated Intelligent
Optical Sensor Systems" (MInOSS) was to investigate a design
methodology for optical sensor systems. This methodology was applied to
the design of a library of modules and general building blocks in
standard CMOS technology aimed at making the design of future optical
sensors easier. A set of demonstrators was developed, including a linear
array of sensors for spectrophotometry and a number of 2D sensor array
for use in "intelligent" digital cameras. The main results of
the project to be reviewed in this paper include library photodiode
arrays and charge amplifiers; three-step flash and algorithmic
analog-to-digital converters for on-chip conversion; the linear and 2D
intelligent sensor architectures which were developed; and guidelines
for the practical design of photosensors and pixel arrays in a mixed
analogue/digital/optical environment. |





|
2. |
A.
Sartori, M. Gottardi, P. Lee, F. Maloberti, P. O'Leary, A. Simoni, and
G. Torelli, "The MInOSS Project", Proceedings
of EurOpto Series - Advanced Focal Plane Arrays and Electronic Cameras
, Berlin, Germany, pp. 25-35, 1996.
Abstract - The
use of CMOS technology allows the monolithic integration of photosensor
arrays together with analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion circuits. The
structure of the array can be exploited to increase the connectivity
between the sensor and the converter, which are in close coupling. Both
single-converter per array and multiple-converter per array approaches
are therefore possible. This paper presents a comparative study of
different A/D conversion architectures incorporated in intelligent
optical systems. The presented schemes have been validated by
experimental evaluations. |
3. |
G.
Torelli, L. Gonzo, M. Gottardi, F. Maloberti, A. Sartori, and A. Simoni,
"Analog-to-digital conversion architectures for intelligent optical
sensor arrays", Proceedings of EurOpto Series -
Advanced Focal Plane Arrays and Electronic Cameras , Berlin,
Germany, pp. 254-264, 1996.
Abstract - This
paper presents a comparative analysis of different analog-to-digital
conversion architectures optimized for operation in close coupling with
optical sensor arrays in the presence of stringent design constraints
such as signal and noise levels, conversion rates and physical size of
the array. Architectures based on a single converter per array and on
multiple converters per array are considered. Measurement results on
dedicated converters integrated in experimental chips together with
optical arrays have proved the validity of the architectures presented,
with different trade-off points in terms of power consumption,
conversion rate and spatial uniformity. |
4. |
J.H.
Correia, G.de Graaf, S.H.Kong, M.Bartek and R.F. Wolffenbuttel,
Single-Chip CMOS Optical Microspectrometer, In Proceedings of the 10th
International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators
(Transducers '99), Sendai, Japan, 7-10 June, 1999, vol.2,
pp.896-899. |
5. |
G.
de Graaf and R.F. Wolffenbuttel, Light-to-Frequency Converter using
Integrating Mode Photodiodes, IEEE transactions on Instrumentation
and Measurement, August 1997, Vol.46, No.4, pp. 933-937. |
6. |
G.
de Graaf, F.R. Riedijk and R.F. Wolffenbuttel, Colour Sensor System with
a Frequency Output and an ISS or I2C Bus Interface, Sensors and
Actuators, Vol.A61, 1997, pp.441-445. |
7. |
G.
de Graaf and R.F. Wolffenbuttel, Optical Sensors in CMOS with integrated
Dual- slope AD conversion, Proc. Eurosensors XI, September 21-24, 1997,
Warsaw, Poland, pp. 1129-1132. |
8. |
McCarthy, S.G., Billingsley, J., and Harris, H. (2000). Listening for
Cane Loss, In proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference on Mechatronics and
Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP), September 19-21 2000, Hervey Bay and
appeared in the book Billingsley, J. (Ed, 2000). Mechatronics and Machine Vision, pp113-118.
Research Studies Press Ltd, Baldock, Hertfordshire, England. |
9. |
McCarthy, S.G., Billingsley, J., and Harris, H. Where the Sweetness
Ends, In Proceedings of the 8th Annual Conference on Mechatronics and Machine
Vision in Practice (M2VIP), August 27-29, 2001, Hong Kong. |
10. |
J. Kramer, P. Seitz and H. Baltes, An
inexpensive real-time 3-D camera with a smart optical sensor,
Sensors and Actuators A 31 (1992) 241-244. |
11. |
J. Kramer, P. Seitz and H. Baltes,
Industrial CMOS technology for the integration of optical metrology
systems (photo-ASICs),
Sensors and Actuators A 34 (1992) 21-30. |
12. |
Eric Pinet and Caroline Hamel, Fiber-Optic Sensors
Applied to Minimally Invasive Diagnostics and Therapies (Technical
Note), 11 January 2007 |
13. |
Yurish S. Y., Low-Cost
Automatic Paper-Type Sensor Based on Universal Sensors and Transducers
Interfacing ICs, in Proceedings of 22nd
International Conference EUROSENSORS XXII, Dresden, Germany, 7-10
September 2008, pp.425-428 |
14. |
Gary Bishop,
Self-Tracker: A Smart Optical Sensor on Silicon, UNC Computer Science Dissertation TR84-002. |
15. |
Kimberly A. Thomas, Everett E. Crisman, Otto J. Gregory, and William B.
Euler, A Temperature Insensitive Smart Optical Strain Sensor, Proceedings SPIE: Smart Structures and
Materials 2000: Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways, S. C. Liu, editor,
SPIE Press, Belligham, WA, vol.
3988, 2000, 429-439. |
16. |
Byoungho Lee,
Review of the Present Status of Optical Fiber Sensors, Optical Fiber Technology,
Vol. 9, Issue 2 , April 2003, Pages 57-79.
Abstract:
The current status of optical fiber sensors is reviewed. The optical fiber sensors have certain advantages that include immunity to electromagnetic interference, lightweight, small size, high sensitivity, large bandwidth, and ease in implementing multiplexed or distributed sensors. Strain, temperature and pressure are the most widely studied measurands and the fiber grating sensor represents the most widely studied technology for optical fiber sensors. Fiber-optic gyroscopes and fiber-optic current sensors are good examples of rather mature and commercialized optical fiber sensor technologies. In this paper, among the various fiber-optic sensor technologies, especially, technologies such as fiber grating sensors, fiber-optic gyroscopes, and fiber-optic current sensors are discussed with emphasis on the principles and current status. Today, some success has been found in the commercialization of optical fiber sensors. However, in various fields they still suffer from competition with other mature sensor technologies. However, new ideas are being continuously developed and tested not only for the traditional measurands but also for new applications. |
17. |
Yurish S.Y., Intelligent Opto Sensors’ Interfacing Based on Universal Frequency-to-Digital Converter,
Sensors & Transducers Magazine, Vol. 56, Issue 6, June 2005, pp. 326-334. |
18. |
William P. Kennedy, The Basics of Triangulation Sensors,
Sensors Magazine, May 1998 |
19. |
Eric Meisenzahl, Charge-Coupled Device Image Sensors,
Sensors Magazine, January 1998 |
20. |
Bob Garwood,
Choosing the Right Photoelectric Sensing Mode,
Sensors Magazine, December 1999 |
21. |
Howard Salt, A New Linear Optical Encoder,
Sensors Magazine, November 1999 |
22. |
Walter Butler, Integrated Optical Sensing of Changing Environmental Illumination,
Sensors Magazine, June 1999 |
23. |
Andrei Kourilovitch, Patrick BloechleAn Interference-Based Incremental Optical Encoder,
Sensors Magazine, November 2000 |
24. |
Peter L. Fuhr, Measuring with Light, Part 1: The Physics of Fiber Optics,
Sensors Magazine, April 2000 |
25. |
Nazario Biala, An Introduction to Fiber-Optic Sensors,
Sensors Magazine, December 2001 |
26. |
Helen Titus, Imaging Sensors That Capture Your Attention,
Sensors Magazine, February 2001 |
27. |
Ed Ramsden, An Optical Timing System,
Sensors Magazine, September 2002 |
28. |
Ray King, Optoelectronic Sensors in Medical Applications,
Sensors Magazine, September 2003 |
29. |
Rashit Nabiev, Wupen Yuen, Tunable Lasers for Multichannel Fiber-Optic Sensors,
Sensors Magazine, August 2003 |
30. |
John
Lewis, Buying a Vision Sensor: 10 Questions you Must Ask, InTech,
February 2008 |
31. |
Michael
Wilson, Choosing an Integrated
Silicon Optical Sensor, Electronic Products, May 2008 |
32. |
Cliff De Locht, Sven De Knibber, Sam
Maddalena, Strategies for High
Volume, High Quality, Low Cost Optical Sensors: The Automotive Case |
33. |
G. de
Graaf, J.H. Correia, M. Bartek, R.F. Wolffenbuttel, On-Chip Integrated
CMOS Optical Microspectrometer with Light-to-Frequency Converter and
Bus, in Proceedings of the IEEE International Solid-State Circuit
Conference, 1999, pp. 208-209. |
34. |
John
Wallace, Organic Photodetectors: Single-layer polymer pixel senses
three colors, Laser Focus World, 11.07.2011 |
35. |
Jordan
Dimitrov, Linearize optical distance sensors with a voltage-to-frequency
converter, EDN, April 2012, pp.47-48 |